Ezinhlelweni zokuhlola ama-microwave, amaswishi e-RF nama-microwave asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhambisa isignali phakathi kwamathuluzi nama-DUT.Ngokubeka iswishi ohlelweni lwe-matrix yokushintsha, amasiginali avela kumathuluzi amaningi angahanjiswa ku-DUT eyodwa noma ngaphezulu.Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlola okuningi ukuthi kuqedwe kusetshenziswa idivayisi eyodwa yokuhlola ngaphandle kwesidingo sokunqanyulwa njalo nokuxhuma kabusha.Futhi ingafinyelela okuzenzakalelayo kwenqubo yokuhlola, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuhlola ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ngobuningi.
Izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile zokushintsha izingxenye
Ukukhiqiza kwanamuhla okunesivinini esikhulu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zokushintsha ezisebenza kahle neziphindaphindekayo kumathuluzi okuhlola, izindawo zokushintshisana, namasistimu okuhlola azenzakalelayo.Lawa maswishi ngokuvamile achazwa ngokuya ngezici ezilandelayo:
Ibanga lemvamisa
Ububanzi befrikhwensi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RF ne-microwave busukela ku-100 MHz kuma-semiconductors kuye ku-60 GHz kwezokuxhumana ngesathelayithi.Okunamathiselwe kokuhlola okunamabhendi abanzi okusebenza kukhuphule ukuguquguquka kwesistimu yokuhlola ngenxa yokwanda kokufakwa kwemvamisa.Kodwa imvamisa yokusebenza ebanzi ingathinta eminye imingcele ebalulekile.
Ukulahlekelwa kokufaka
Ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa nakho kubalulekile ekuhlolweni.Ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kuno-1 dB noma 2 dB kuzonciphisa izinga eliphakeme lesignali, kukhuphule isikhathi somkhawulo okhuphukayo nowehlayo.Ezimweni zohlelo lokusebenza olunemvamisa ephezulu, ukudluliswa kwamandla okusebenzayo kwesinye isikhathi kudinga izindleko eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakho ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe okwethulwa ukushintsha kwe-electromechanical endleleni yokuguqula kufanele kuncishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka.
Buyisela ukulahlekelwa
Ukulahlekelwa kwembuyiselo kuvezwa nge-dB, okuyisilinganiso se-voltage stand wave ratio (VSWR).Ukulahlekelwa yimbuyiselo kubangelwe ukungafani kwe-impedance phakathi kwamasekhethi.Kububanzi befrikhwensi ye-microwave, izici ezibonakalayo kanye nosayizi wezingxenye zenethiwekhi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukufana kokuphazamiseka noma ukungafani okubangelwa imithelela yokusabalalisa.
Ukuvumelana kokusebenza
Ukuvumelana kokusebenza kokulahlekelwa kokufaka okuphansi kunganciphisa imithombo yephutha engahleliwe endleleni yokulinganisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukunemba kokulinganisa.Ukungaguquguquki nokuthembeka kokusebenza koshintsho kuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesilinganiso, futhi kunciphise izindleko zobunikazi ngokwandisa imijikelezo yokulinganisa nokwandisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwesistimu yokuhlola.
Ukuzihlukanisa
Ukuhlukaniswa yizinga lokuncishiswa kwamasiginali angenamsebenzi atholwe esikhumulweni sentshisekelo.Emafrikhwensi aphezulu, ukuzihlukanisa kubaluleke kakhulu.
I-VSWR
I-VSWR yokushintsha inqunywa ubukhulu bemishini kanye nokubekezelelwa kokukhiqiza.I-VSWR embi ikhombisa ukuba khona kokucabangisisa kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukungafani kwe-impedance, futhi amasignali e-parasitic abangelwa lokhu kuboniswa kungaholela ekuphazamisekeni kwezimpawu (ISI).Lokhu kuboniswa ngokuvamile kwenzeka eduze kwesixhumi, ngakho ukufanisa isixhumi esihle nokuxhumeka okulungile komthwalo kuyizidingo ezibalulekile zokuhlola.
Ukushintsha isivinini
Isivinini sokushintshwa sichazwa njengesikhathi esidingekayo ukuze imbobo yokushintsha (ingalo yokushintsha) isuke kokuthi “vula” iye kokuthi “ivaliwe”, noma isuke “ecishiwe” iye kokuthi “ivuliwe”.
Isikhathi esizinzile
Ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sokushintsha sicacisa kuphela inani elifinyelela ku-90% yenani elizinzile/lokugcina lesiginali ye-RF, isikhathi sokuzinza siba ukusebenza okubaluleke kakhulu kokushintsha kwesimo esiqinile ngaphansi kwezidingo zokunemba nokunemba.
Ukuthwala amandla
Amandla okuthwala achazwa njengekhono lokushintsha ukuthwala amandla, okuhlobene eduze nomklamo nezinto ezisetshenziswayo.Uma kukhona amandla e-RF/microwave embobeni yokushintsha ngesikhathi sokushintsha, ukushintsha okushisayo kwenzeka.Ukushintsha okubandayo kwenzeka lapho amandla esiginali esusiwe ngaphambi kokushintsha.Ukushintsha okubandayo kufeza ukucindezeleka kwendawo yokuxhumana ephansi nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ukunqanyulwa
Ezinhlelweni eziningi, ukunqanyulwa kokulayisha okungu-50 Ω kubalulekile.Uma iswishi ixhunywe kudivayisi esebenzayo, amandla abonisiwe wendlela ngaphandle kokunqanyulwa kokulayisha angalimaza umthombo.Amaswishi e-electromechanical angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezimbili: lawo anokunqanyulwa komthwalo kanye nalawo angenawo ukunqanyulwa komthwalo.Ukushintsha kwesimo esiqinile kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lokumuncwa kanye nohlobo lokubonisa.
Ukuvuza kwevidiyo
Ukuvuza kwevidiyo kungabonwa njengamasiginali we-parasitic avela ku-switch port ye-RF uma ingekho isignali ye-RF ekhona.Lezi zimpawu zivela kumagagasi akhiqizwa umshayeli weswishi, ikakhulukazi kusukela kuma-voltage angaphambili adingekayo ukuze ushayele iswishi enesivinini esiphezulu se-PIN diode.
Impilo yesevisi
Impilo ende yesevisi izonciphisa izindleko kanye nemikhawulo yesabelomali yeswishi ngayinye, okwenza abakhiqizi baqhudelane kakhulu emakethe yanamuhla ebucayi ngentengo.
Isakhiwo sokushintsha
Izinhlobo ezihlukene zesakhiwo sokushintshwa zinikeza ukuguquguquka kokwakha omatikuletsheni abayinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola ezizenzakalelayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene namafrikhwensi.
Ihlukaniswe ngokukhethekile kokukodwa kokubili ngaphandle (SPDT), okukodwa kokuthathu ngaphandle (SP3T), okubili kokubili ngaphandle (DPDT), njll.
Isixhumanisi esiyisethenjwa kulesi sihloko:https://www.chinaaet.com/article/3000081016
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-22-2024